The challenges in ensuring effective and timely access to medicines and healthcare products, while balancing with efficiency pressures, require a careful design and structuring of Healthcare Supply Chains (HSC)s. This study investigates the key factors influencing configuration decisions in HSC, focusing on the trade-off between centralised and decentralised models. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology, technological and organisational criteria guiding decision-making were evaluated through expert input. Results of AHP show that technological enablers - especially integrated systems and warehouse automation - favour centralised HSC models, while organisational elements like training and collaboration support decentralised ones. Overall, the centralised configuration emerged as the preferred alternative, with a global priority of 62.77%, highlighting its efficiency and cost-saving potential. These findings provide actionable insights for managers of healthcare systems to optimise supply chain structures.