The transformation of ports in Indonesia centers around the smart ports concept, which entails digitalization and automation to enhance port connectivity and operational efficiency. One of the critical factors for smart port advancement lies in integrating blockchain technology, renowned for its potential to optimize resources and elevate operational effectiveness. Despite its potential, the progression of smart ports within Indonesia remains constrained, with limited research into the practical implementation of blockchain technology within the port. This research will provide an overview of current themes in academic journals and discuss the explanation regarding developing smart ports using blockchain technology using the literature review methodology. This research examines the relations between blockchain and port operations, drawing insights from established journals and prior research. This research also discusses the opportunities and challenges of adopting the blockchain technology in Indonesian ports, and it is expected to contribute to a deeper understanding of how blockchain might support the development of smart ports in Indonesia and help to facilitate the realization of smart ports through the strategic application of blockchain within Indonesia’s port landscape.