This chapter explores Lithuania’s abolition of the death penalty, a pivotal transformation in its justice system that occurred twenty-five years ago. This decision underscores the country’s dedication to a humane criminal justice framework that aligns with international human rights standards. The process was intricate, encompassing various professional, political, and public discourses regarding capital punishment. The analysis delves into the debates for and against abolition, the formation of coalitions, and the conflicts among stakeholders, all of which played a crucial role in shaping the policy outcome. Furthermore, it assesses the potential implications of this decision for international abolitionist efforts and its impact on curbing penal populism within democratic societies.