Uterine leiomyomas, commonly called fibroids, are among the most prevalent yet inadequately studied conditions affecting women. These benign tumors typically occur in women during their reproductive years. They can be diagnosed in as many as 70% of White women and in over 80% of women with African ancestry. While most women with fibroids are asymptomatic, approximately 30% will experience severe symptoms, including abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), anemia, pelvic pain and bulky sensation, back pain, increased urinary frequency, constipation, and even infertility. This chapter elucidates the diverse diagnostic tools employed, including transvaginal ultrasound (TVU) as the primary noninvasive tool, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detailed visualization, and hysteroscopy for assessing submucosal myomas. Over the years, classifications for these tumors have evolved, helping in more precise treatment planning. Medical management spans from symptom relief with nonhormonal methods to hormonal therapies. This chapter also discusses advanced treatments, including gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues (GnRH-a), selective progesterone receptor modulators (SPRMs), and aromatase inhibitors (AIs), their efficacy, and their challenges. It delves into the spectrum of available interventions on the surgical front, from definitive methods like hysterectomy to minimally invasive approaches like laparoscopic and hysteroscopic myomectomy. This chapter highlights emerging incisionless treatments, offering promising outcomes with reduced recovery times. Through a comprehensive examination of fibromyoma management, this chapter equips the reader with a broad understanding, spanning diagnosis to advanced treatment modalities.