Childlessness is a life crisis, therefore, a detailed fertility work-up is required to establish a diagnosis in infertile couples. The potential diagnosis includes anovulation, tubal disease, and azoospermia/severe oligospermia. When infertility is not attributed to one of the above-mentioned specific pathologies, couples will be included in a wide diagnostic category, labelled unexplained infertility. Failure to conceive is associated with emotional and psychological implications for both partners. Therefore, diagnostic evaluation requires a systematic, accurate, and sensible approach.