There is a certain academic tradition of dealing with caricatures and comics (see for example: Dittmer, 2014; Domingos & Cardoso, 2021; Kauffman, 1997; Knigge, 2004; Peterle, 2021; Schröder, 2022; Streicher, 1967; in particular, research on the historical evolution of caricatures in their contexts stands out, for example in Illner & Winzen, 2016; Piltz, 1980; Platthaus, 2016). Caricatures are particularly present in relation to political processes, where they are intended to depict contradictions or even ‘mistakes’ in an exaggerated form (Knieper, 2002; Schneider, 1988). In the academic context, caricatures tend to be illustrative, for example in textbooks (e.g., Bartling et al., 2019; but also, in their own: Kühne, 2021b; Kühne & Berr, 2021), with a great number of caricatures featuring people doing science. The aim of this book is not only to present science in caricatures from an internal perspective, but also to substantiate this theoretically. Neopragmatism, whose core elements include an ironic approach to the world (Gascoigne, 2013; Kretz, 2023a; Rorty, 2009 [1989]), provides the theoretical basis for this book. Its main features are explained in this chapter. Disclosing my own scientific-theoretical foundations is central not least because caricatures, as a form of satire, run the risk of evaluating events and people from a standpoint of—usually implicitly claimed—moral superiority (Dadlez, 2011). However, before elaborating on these aspects in more detail in Chap. 3 , it is important to lay the foundations for the rest of this chapter, by presenting neopragmatism as a meta-theoretical basis (Sect. 2.1) as well as in connection with it the theoretical foundations of phenomenology, social constructivism, and symbolic interactionism (Sect. 2.2).