Noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) plays a key role in the treatment of respiratory failure and also during surgical procedures where standard intubation cannot be performed, reducing the risk of complications associated with it. The technology has been developed since the 1920s, and its modern applications include not only securing ventilation during surgical procedures, but also treating COPD, pulmonary edema, and sleep apnea, among others. NIV works through positive airway pressure, and its main modes are CPAP and BiPAP. Jet ventilation (JV) is a method using short pulses of high-pressure air, also used in ENT surgery. It provides better access to the surgical field but requires specialized equipment and experienced personnel. Key applications of JV include laryngeal surgery, therapeutic bronchoscopy, and laser procedures.