Chapter 4 weaves the impacts of the 1958 coup in Iraq onto the process behind the gradual acquisition of Kuwaiti local and regional independence under its protectorate status with the United Kingdom. Iraqi claims that Kuwait was originally an integral element of its territory increased until the regime called for annexation of Kuwait at the latter’s independence in 1961. Western concerns for the potential loss of Kuwait and its oil reserves to the more verbally hostile Iraqi regime increased until rumors emerged at Kuwaiti independence that Baghdad had amassed an armor force on the border to seize Kuwait. British military forces intervened into Kuwait at the official request of the latter’s Ruler to prevent the annexation of the state by Iraq. Once its military forces intervened in Kuwait, the British government began to immediately seek alternatives to safeguard Kuwaiti sovereignty and allow London to withdraw before Arab opposition to British troops grew to a tipping point in the region. Repeating 1958, Kuwait and the United Kingdom appealed to the United Nations.