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This chapter examines how differing risk culturesRisk culture shape the regulatory approaches that nations adopt when confronting emerging biotechnologies, with a specific focus on synthetic biology and its convergenceConvergence with artificial intelligenceArtificial Intelligence (AI). Despite confronting identical technological uncertainties and evidence, nations interpret technological risk through distinct cultural, political, and institutional lenses, which lead to significant variations in regulationRegulation, commercialization pathways, and international competitiveness. Through comparative analysis of regulatory frameworksRegulatory frameworks in the United States, European Union, Singapore, and China, this chapter identifies how specific elements of risk cultureRisk culture—including historical path dependency, styles of regulatory dispute resolution, and governmental power centralization—influence biotechnologyBiotechnology governanceGovernance. These variations generate consequences for bioeconomic development, commercial innovation, and international competitiveness. Nations with adaptive regulatory frameworksRegulatory frameworks that maintain appropriate safeguards while enabling technological progress may secure first-mover advantages in the emerging bioeconomy, while those with excessively rigid or permissive approaches may face either innovation deficits or unmitigated risks. The chapter concludes by exploring how divergent risk culturesRisk culture will shape the future trajectory of synthetic biology development amid increasingTechnological convergence technological convergenceConvergence with artificial intelligenceArtificial Intelligence (AI), with implications for global leadership in the bioeconomy.

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Risk Culture in a Time of Biotechnological Convergence: Implications for Regulatory Divergence and Bioeconomic Development

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Benjamin D. Trump,
  • Felicia Wu,
  • Christopher L. Cummings

摘要

This chapter examines how differing risk culturesRisk culture shape the regulatory approaches that nations adopt when confronting emerging biotechnologies, with a specific focus on synthetic biology and its convergenceConvergence with artificial intelligenceArtificial Intelligence (AI). Despite confronting identical technological uncertainties and evidence, nations interpret technological risk through distinct cultural, political, and institutional lenses, which lead to significant variations in regulationRegulation, commercialization pathways, and international competitiveness. Through comparative analysis of regulatory frameworksRegulatory frameworks in the United States, European Union, Singapore, and China, this chapter identifies how specific elements of risk cultureRisk culture—including historical path dependency, styles of regulatory dispute resolution, and governmental power centralization—influence biotechnologyBiotechnology governanceGovernance. These variations generate consequences for bioeconomic development, commercial innovation, and international competitiveness. Nations with adaptive regulatory frameworksRegulatory frameworks that maintain appropriate safeguards while enabling technological progress may secure first-mover advantages in the emerging bioeconomy, while those with excessively rigid or permissive approaches may face either innovation deficits or unmitigated risks. The chapter concludes by exploring how divergent risk culturesRisk culture will shape the future trajectory of synthetic biology development amid increasingTechnological convergence technological convergenceConvergence with artificial intelligenceArtificial Intelligence (AI), with implications for global leadership in the bioeconomy.