In this chapter, the final of the four analyzing chapters, pluralistic ethical frameworks are studied. Although pluralistic ethics have been suggested within One Health approaches, no framework has been proposed. After a brief introduction, I will give a short overview of pluralistic ethics by pinpointing some interesting frameworks that might be helpful. In the overview, I therefore add Onora O’Neill’s idea of bridging virtue-based ethics with deontological ethics as a fruitful example. I also analyze values in Indigenous ethical codes that could be helpful on what values to include when one includes knowledge systems different from western science. Main emphasis in this chapter will be on the dialogue ethics proposed by Seyla Benhabib, who works with the most fruitful framework hitherto in bridging cultures and religions into ethical deliberation. Although her framework is good; I recognize it to be further developed in the pre-framing phase of the dialogue. I also incorporate the Ubuntu theory of an individual’s relation to others, with its emphasis on including an individual’s enemies. Finally, I develop my own model for an ethical dialogue. Which is a two-stage dialogue, where the first stage is how to frame the ethical dialogue. The first stage is needed to gather as many perspectives as needed to solve ethical cases. In this stage, one must discuss inherent assumptions due to cultural and/or religious differences. The first dialogue sets the agenda and chooses participants for the second dialogue, which then will be an open-ended dialogue which similarities to Benhabib’s suggestions within dialogue ethics. The result of the second dialogue is ethical solutions to the case and if the procedure has been fair in both dialogues, the procedure is ethically good.

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A Need for a Pluralistic Ethics

  • Henrik Lerner

摘要

In this chapter, the final of the four analyzing chapters, pluralistic ethical frameworks are studied. Although pluralistic ethics have been suggested within One Health approaches, no framework has been proposed. After a brief introduction, I will give a short overview of pluralistic ethics by pinpointing some interesting frameworks that might be helpful. In the overview, I therefore add Onora O’Neill’s idea of bridging virtue-based ethics with deontological ethics as a fruitful example. I also analyze values in Indigenous ethical codes that could be helpful on what values to include when one includes knowledge systems different from western science. Main emphasis in this chapter will be on the dialogue ethics proposed by Seyla Benhabib, who works with the most fruitful framework hitherto in bridging cultures and religions into ethical deliberation. Although her framework is good; I recognize it to be further developed in the pre-framing phase of the dialogue. I also incorporate the Ubuntu theory of an individual’s relation to others, with its emphasis on including an individual’s enemies. Finally, I develop my own model for an ethical dialogue. Which is a two-stage dialogue, where the first stage is how to frame the ethical dialogue. The first stage is needed to gather as many perspectives as needed to solve ethical cases. In this stage, one must discuss inherent assumptions due to cultural and/or religious differences. The first dialogue sets the agenda and chooses participants for the second dialogue, which then will be an open-ended dialogue which similarities to Benhabib’s suggestions within dialogue ethics. The result of the second dialogue is ethical solutions to the case and if the procedure has been fair in both dialogues, the procedure is ethically good.