Interpectoral and Pecto-Serratus Block (PECs1 and PECs 2)
摘要
The Pectoral Nerve Blocks (interpectoral and pectoralis major) are ultrasound-guided regional anaesthesia techniques designed to provide analgesia for breast surgery, thoracic procedures, and anterior chest wall pain. Interpectoral block involves the injection of local anaesthetic between the pectoralis major and minor muscles to block the medial and lateral pectoral nerves, offering relief for procedures involving pectoral muscle manipulation. Pectoserratus block extends the coverage by depositing local anaesthetic between the pectoralis minor and serratus anterior muscles, targeting the lateral cutaneous branches of intercostal nerves, the intercostobrachial nerve, and the long thoracic nerve. These blocks are commonly used for mastectomies, breast reconstructions, pacemaker insertions, and rib fractures. They provide effective pain relief while preserving motor function, making them an attractive alternative to thoracic epidurals or paravertebral blocks. Ultrasound guidance enhances accuracy and safety, reducing complications such as pneumothorax or vascular injury. While pectoral nerve blocks offer reliable analgesia, their ability to provide complete surgical anaesthesia is limited. They are best utilised as part of multimodal pain management strategies. Continuous catheter techniques further extend analgesic effects for post-operative care, improving patient comfort and reducing opioid consumption.