Structural deficiencies of masonry structures subjected to extreme events such as earthquakes have become increasingly evident over the last few decades. Past seismic events have highlighted the importance of proper strengthening techniques in addressing such issues. A promising solution that has attracted increasing attention among practitioners is using composite materials. Among these, an innovative strategy is represented by the composite reinforced mortar (CRM) system, which can greatly improve the seismic capacity of unreinforced masonry. Moreover, due to its compatibility with masonry substrates, the use of lime-based binders for the CRM matrix can considerably increase the effectiveness of the system. Another important issue is the potential replacement of standard materials with more sustainable options. In this challenge, composite materials may represent a viable solution for a greener future. In parallel, the versatility of composite solutions can be exploited for further purposes, such as the simultaneous improvement of seismic resistance and energy efficiency of buildings. Indeed, the poor thermal performance of ancient masonry constructions can be enhanced by the adoption of combined or integrated solutions through properly designed composite materials. This work introduces a novel CRM system composed of a glass-fibre mesh and a bio-based mortar matrix. A preliminary study on the composite behaviour of this solution is presented, and the main outputs highlight the potential of the bio-based CRM matrix for this kind of application. This study offers promising perspectives on the potential of composite materials, able to merge different functions such as energy and seismic performance into a holistic solution. This is fundamental for a shift towards more effective and viable solutions within the building sector.