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Aerospace is a young field of engineering. It is common to date the origin of its industries back to 1903 with the first flight of the Wright brothers’ machine over a sandy camp near Kitty Hawk in North Carolina. Nevertheless, it showed a rapid and extraordinary growth that is without precedent in history. There is a generation of people who were able to witness both the first flight of the “heavier than air” and the first man walking on the lunar surface. Such impressive progress was possible thanks to the parallel advancements in technology, materials, and design methodologies. The latter, in particular, benefitted from the equally exceptional evolution of computing capability. This paper traces the principal historical milestones of the aeronautical technology and offers an incomplete review of the evolution of the design methodologies in its industry during the last decades. Some case studies representative of typical design approaches adopted by aircraft industries during this period are also offered.

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From the Drawing Board to the Digital Twin: The Last 40 Years of Aerospace Engineering

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Antonio Maglione,
  • Ubaldo Cella

摘要

Aerospace is a young field of engineering. It is common to date the origin of its industries back to 1903 with the first flight of the Wright brothers’ machine over a sandy camp near Kitty Hawk in North Carolina. Nevertheless, it showed a rapid and extraordinary growth that is without precedent in history. There is a generation of people who were able to witness both the first flight of the “heavier than air” and the first man walking on the lunar surface. Such impressive progress was possible thanks to the parallel advancements in technology, materials, and design methodologies. The latter, in particular, benefitted from the equally exceptional evolution of computing capability. This paper traces the principal historical milestones of the aeronautical technology and offers an incomplete review of the evolution of the design methodologies in its industry during the last decades. Some case studies representative of typical design approaches adopted by aircraft industries during this period are also offered.