Disasters are usually classified as natural and man-made. Some disasters are immediately visible, whereas some happen over a longer period of time, the incidence or impact of which remains invisible. It is so because of the marginality of the sites or the individuals who are impacted, particularly when they also face other intersectional disadvantages by virtue of their gender and other markers like poverty, old age, caste, ethnic identity, or occupational role, among others. While the framing of an incident or a situation as a disaster primarily depends on its visibility, it also depends upon the position of the disaster-affected people within the power hierarchies of society and politics. This paper seeks to understand (i) how disasters are ‘framed’, (ii) how women fight back and show their resilience in the face of disasters, and (iii) what the emerging and new forms of governance and collaboration between public and private sectors can do to manage the disaster-related issues. The paper investigates two case studies related to the plight of the women: one pertaining to the closed tea gardens in the remote areas of the Dooars in the northern part of the state of West Bengal and the second related to the Sundarbans, an area located in the southern part of West Bengal. Both these areas are experiencing the impact of climate change. Both regions are remotely located and have been victims of anthropocentric development dynamics, leading to the accentuation of climate change impacts. The paper aims to demonstrate the causal linkage using a grounded theoretical framework that relies on a two-way engagement solution. This framework is based on the link between climate change and disasters and the resilience of women who have fought back against poverty, crime, and rights deprivation. The limitation of the paper is that the triadic relationship between the community, NGOs, and government for the facilitation of collaborative governance is shaded by local variations and deviant cases. These differences or variations impact the outcomes of governance as well. Hence, there may be variations in success rate at the ground level. However, the significance of the paper lies in recording the resilience of women living in these regions.

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Zest to Fight Back: Tales of Women of Sundarbans and Dooars Tea Gardens

  • Ranjita Chakraborty

摘要

Disasters are usually classified as natural and man-made. Some disasters are immediately visible, whereas some happen over a longer period of time, the incidence or impact of which remains invisible. It is so because of the marginality of the sites or the individuals who are impacted, particularly when they also face other intersectional disadvantages by virtue of their gender and other markers like poverty, old age, caste, ethnic identity, or occupational role, among others. While the framing of an incident or a situation as a disaster primarily depends on its visibility, it also depends upon the position of the disaster-affected people within the power hierarchies of society and politics. This paper seeks to understand (i) how disasters are ‘framed’, (ii) how women fight back and show their resilience in the face of disasters, and (iii) what the emerging and new forms of governance and collaboration between public and private sectors can do to manage the disaster-related issues. The paper investigates two case studies related to the plight of the women: one pertaining to the closed tea gardens in the remote areas of the Dooars in the northern part of the state of West Bengal and the second related to the Sundarbans, an area located in the southern part of West Bengal. Both these areas are experiencing the impact of climate change. Both regions are remotely located and have been victims of anthropocentric development dynamics, leading to the accentuation of climate change impacts. The paper aims to demonstrate the causal linkage using a grounded theoretical framework that relies on a two-way engagement solution. This framework is based on the link between climate change and disasters and the resilience of women who have fought back against poverty, crime, and rights deprivation. The limitation of the paper is that the triadic relationship between the community, NGOs, and government for the facilitation of collaborative governance is shaded by local variations and deviant cases. These differences or variations impact the outcomes of governance as well. Hence, there may be variations in success rate at the ground level. However, the significance of the paper lies in recording the resilience of women living in these regions.