Agriculture remains a cornerstone of Africa's economy, yet its productivity is increasingly threatened by climate change, resource constraints, and environmental degradation. The green agenda provides a pathway to sustainability by promoting low-carbon practices, biodiversity conservation, and resource-efficient farming. Key enablers of this transition include green finance, information and communication technology, and financial development, which facilitate investment flows, financial access, and the adoption of climate-smart agricultural innovations. However, their combined impact on agricultural productivity in Africa remains underexplored, necessitating further investigation. This study uses the method of moments quantile regressions to examine how these factors influence agricultural productivity. The findings confirm that green finance significantly enhances productivity, particularly in low-productivity economies, though its impact diminishes at higher levels. Financial development shows minimal influence, suggesting inefficiencies in financial intermediation, while information and communication technology adoption remains constrained by infrastructure gaps and digital illiteracy. These findings highlight the need for more decisive financial sector reforms, expanded green finance access, and significant information and communication technology infrastructure investment. Strengthening institutional quality and governance will ensure that green finance and technological innovations drive long-term sustainable agricultural growth, food security, and climate resilience.