The Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Approach
摘要
The transsphenoidal approach has become the preferred surgical route for accessing the sellar and parasellar regions, particularly for pituitary tumors. The adoption of this approach has been driven by advancements in microsurgical and endoscopic techniques, allowing for improved visualization and precision while minimizing trauma to the brain and surrounding structures [1]. Pituitary surgery evolved from transcranial approaches, prompting Schloffer’s first successful transsphenoidal tumor removal in 1906. Cushing initially adopted and refined the transsphenoidal technique, using it selectively between 1910 and 1925 before favoring transcranial surgery for better optic decompression, while Dott preserved the transsphenoidal approach, later revitalized by Guiot and Hardy with microsurgical advancements. The endoscopic transsphenoidal approach evolved from Hardy’s microsurgical refinements, and it gained popularity in the 1990s with improved visualization, minimally invasive techniques, and reduced morbidity [2].