This study investigates the structural behavior of Glued Laminated Timber (GLT) through a comprehensive experimental program, including assessments of material properties, fire resistance, and mechanical performance. While GLT is widely used in countries like Japan, its application in Vietnam remains limited. Nonetheless, GLT offers key advantages such as a high strength-to-weight ratio, efficient use of wood resources, environmental sustainability, and architectural flexibility. To explore its potential in Vietnam’s construction sector, a two-story prototype structure was built entirely with GLT. This prototype serves as a test model to evaluate the real-world performance of engineered timber under local environmental conditions, providing a scientific basis for broader application in Vietnamese construction practices. Particular focus was placed on examining the combustion behavior of Japanese cedar GLT, with a series of standardized fire tests conducted to determine its compliance with Vietnam’s fire safety regulations and its overall suitability for application in modern building practices.