Oats are becoming increasingly popular for human consumption because of their nutritional and health benefits, which are mostly attributed to their high β-glucan and dietary fiber content. Oats are also best suited as a forage crop during the rabi season and are also the preferred feed for animals. It is a crucial winter fodder, mostly fed as green, but surplus is converted into silage or hay to use during fodder deficit periods. Oats have a significant genetic and morphological diversity, which makes them an important resource for agriculture and plant breeding. By integrating accelerated breeding approaches, oat breeders can expedite the development of dual-purpose varieties with improved productivity and quality, meeting the demands of both forage and grain production systems. For numerous oat populations, particularly for certain economic features, molecular-marker-based linkage maps, marker-trait relationships, QTL, marker-assisted selection, double haploid technology, and genomic selection have been developed. This chapter describes the different approaches in accelerated breeding programs that can be utilized for the advancement of oat research studies.