Does Context Matter? An Exploratory Study on God Class Distribution Based on Contextual Attributes
摘要
The evaluation of software quality has traditionally focused on internal design characteristics, such as cohesion and complexity. However, recent studies have shown that contextual factors may also be associated with quality-related attributes. In this study, we investigate whether the incidence of the god class code smell varies according to different development contexts. We define context based on the combination of four software attributes: system size, number of commits, number of contributors, and development time. Using data from 419 Java systems extracted from GHTorrent, we classified the projects into distinct contexts and analyzed the distribution of the god class smell within each. The results reveal statistically significant variations in smell incidence across contexts, suggesting that contextual attributes should not be overlooked in the assessment of design quality. This work contributes by presenting an empirical analysis of god class incidence across distinct development contexts, introducing a methodological strategy for context formation based on measurable software attributes, providing empirical evidence that supports a contextualized understanding of design quality, and making the experimental package publicly available to foster further research on the topic.