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The significance of batteries in contemporary electronic products and electric vehicles is steadily growing. Intensive demand exists for batteries that possess high energy density, excellent rate and cycle characteristics, and operational safety. The excellent thermal stability and extended cycle life of LiFePO4 (LFP) cathodes make them a highly suitable option for applications that need exceptional durability and safety. However, the low electrical conductivity of LFP limits the performance of fast charging and discharging. This research aims to develop a cathode based on carbon aerogel derived from palm shell, with the addition of Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO), to enhance its electrochemical properties. The cathode fabrication process was carried out by coating the slurry onto copper plates using the spin coating method. The results showed that the variation of cathodes with CA/rGO/LFP layers delivered optimal performance. This was indicated by the CV curve, which recorded the highest peak current of 1348.9 µA, suggesting improved efficiency in charge storage and release during the electrochemical process due to the addition of rGO. The specific capacitance per mass reached 18.1368 F/g, indicating a high energy storage capacity. Additionally, measurements of specific volumetric capacitance and ionic conductivity revealed that the CA/rGO/LFP sample exhibited the best performance, with a capacitance of 3.57 × 108 μF/m3 and ionic conductivity of 2.19 × 10−6 S/m. These findings demonstrate that the combination of carbon aerogel, LiFePO4, and rGO significantly enhances the electrochemical properties of the cathode, particularly in terms of energy storage and charge release efficiency.

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Carbon Aerogel Cathode Based on Palm Oil Shells with LiFePO4 and Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) for Lithium-Ion Battery Applications

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Delovita Ginting,
  • Putri Dahayu,
  • Romi Fadli Syahputra

摘要

The significance of batteries in contemporary electronic products and electric vehicles is steadily growing. Intensive demand exists for batteries that possess high energy density, excellent rate and cycle characteristics, and operational safety. The excellent thermal stability and extended cycle life of LiFePO4 (LFP) cathodes make them a highly suitable option for applications that need exceptional durability and safety. However, the low electrical conductivity of LFP limits the performance of fast charging and discharging. This research aims to develop a cathode based on carbon aerogel derived from palm shell, with the addition of Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO), to enhance its electrochemical properties. The cathode fabrication process was carried out by coating the slurry onto copper plates using the spin coating method. The results showed that the variation of cathodes with CA/rGO/LFP layers delivered optimal performance. This was indicated by the CV curve, which recorded the highest peak current of 1348.9 µA, suggesting improved efficiency in charge storage and release during the electrochemical process due to the addition of rGO. The specific capacitance per mass reached 18.1368 F/g, indicating a high energy storage capacity. Additionally, measurements of specific volumetric capacitance and ionic conductivity revealed that the CA/rGO/LFP sample exhibited the best performance, with a capacitance of 3.57 × 108 μF/m3 and ionic conductivity of 2.19 × 10−6 S/m. These findings demonstrate that the combination of carbon aerogel, LiFePO4, and rGO significantly enhances the electrochemical properties of the cathode, particularly in terms of energy storage and charge release efficiency.