Scholarlink

The transition to renewable energy (RE) has become a global priority for energy security, climate change mitigation, and economic stability. Developing countries have implemented various policies to accelerate RE adoption, yet their effectiveness differs due to regulatory enforcement, financial sustainability, and market structures. This study examines the RE policies of China, India, and Malaysia, with a focus on Feed-in Tariffs (FiTs), Renewable Purchase Obligations (RPOs), and tendering mechanisms. A comparative analysis used policy documents, government reports, and academic research evaluates effectiveness, cost efficiency, and implementation challenges. The findings indicate that FiTs have been a significate driver of RE growth, but long-term subsidy burdens led to a shift toward market-based pricing. India’s RPO system increased RE demand, but weak enforcement in several states limited their full impact. Malaysia’s transition from FiTs to competitive bidding improved cost efficiency, but early deployment challenges delayed large-scale adoption. The results suggest that structured long-term planning, enforceable regulatory frameworks, and market-driven procurement mechanisms improve RE policy effectiveness. For developing countries such as Indonesia, adopting structured energy planning, strengthening RPO enforcement, and expanding competitive auctions would help accelerate RE expansion.

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Renewable Energy Policies in Developing Countries: A Lesson Learned from China, India, and Malaysia

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

查看全文
  • Mustika Sari,
  • Pattinaya Irene Francine Debora,
  • Gunawan Saroji,
  • Mohammed Ali Berawi,
  • Siti Rahma Utami,
  • Bambang Susantono

摘要

The transition to renewable energy (RE) has become a global priority for energy security, climate change mitigation, and economic stability. Developing countries have implemented various policies to accelerate RE adoption, yet their effectiveness differs due to regulatory enforcement, financial sustainability, and market structures. This study examines the RE policies of China, India, and Malaysia, with a focus on Feed-in Tariffs (FiTs), Renewable Purchase Obligations (RPOs), and tendering mechanisms. A comparative analysis used policy documents, government reports, and academic research evaluates effectiveness, cost efficiency, and implementation challenges. The findings indicate that FiTs have been a significate driver of RE growth, but long-term subsidy burdens led to a shift toward market-based pricing. India’s RPO system increased RE demand, but weak enforcement in several states limited their full impact. Malaysia’s transition from FiTs to competitive bidding improved cost efficiency, but early deployment challenges delayed large-scale adoption. The results suggest that structured long-term planning, enforceable regulatory frameworks, and market-driven procurement mechanisms improve RE policy effectiveness. For developing countries such as Indonesia, adopting structured energy planning, strengthening RPO enforcement, and expanding competitive auctions would help accelerate RE expansion.