The investigation and application of artificial intelligence (AI) is a major research trend in virtually every field of science. The study of micro- and nanosystems, both in hard and soft condensed matter science, is no exception here. This involves both the use of artificial intelligence to understand static and dynamic properties of materials and the development of nanosystems that themselves possess basic features of (articial) intelligence in the framework of “intelligent matter”. This book provides an overview over this rapidly developing field. It starts with introductory chapters on AI (part I) and continues with discussions of applications of AI to nanosystems (part II) and implementations of AI in nanosystems (part III). It concludes with some philosophical discussions (part IV).