Theoretical frameworks for understanding identity as a social, multifaceted, comparative, fluid, intersectional, culturally specific and physically manifested phenomenon can be applied to ancient funerary contexts as readily as to the living. Each definition or aspect of identity is exemplified and embodied through the daily practice of clothing the body. When the definition of “dress” is expanded in a funerary context to include all forms of bodily adornment, it becomes clear that even in death the body is the site upon which identity is most universally enacted, through the use of clothing and other enhancements. The Late Roman to Early Byzantine necropolis of Fag el-Gamus in Egypt provides abundant data through which to test these propositions. The application of identity theory to a close examination of the specific case study of 2009-NE-34, a young woman who apparently died in childbirth, makes it possible to craft a cohesive narrative that accounts meaningfully for each of the multiple aspects of identity inherent in her burial while also highlighting areas for further study. The tool of theory thus provides a point at which factual data combine to weave a narrative that uncovers a meaningfully whole human life in the embodied elements of her death.

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“You Are What You Wear from Your Feet to Your Hair”: Weaving Narratives of Identity at an Early Byzantine Necropolis in Egypt

  • Kristin H. South

摘要

Theoretical frameworks for understanding identity as a social, multifaceted, comparative, fluid, intersectional, culturally specific and physically manifested phenomenon can be applied to ancient funerary contexts as readily as to the living. Each definition or aspect of identity is exemplified and embodied through the daily practice of clothing the body. When the definition of “dress” is expanded in a funerary context to include all forms of bodily adornment, it becomes clear that even in death the body is the site upon which identity is most universally enacted, through the use of clothing and other enhancements. The Late Roman to Early Byzantine necropolis of Fag el-Gamus in Egypt provides abundant data through which to test these propositions. The application of identity theory to a close examination of the specific case study of 2009-NE-34, a young woman who apparently died in childbirth, makes it possible to craft a cohesive narrative that accounts meaningfully for each of the multiple aspects of identity inherent in her burial while also highlighting areas for further study. The tool of theory thus provides a point at which factual data combine to weave a narrative that uncovers a meaningfully whole human life in the embodied elements of her death.