The purpose of this study is to identify and explain the structure and functions of the traditional justice system of Bida Emirate with a view to understanding its capacity to operate within the principles of democracy. It seeks to provide key insight into understanding the performance of the traditional justice system and opportunities that it affords for real-life application in a way that best fits a democratic setting. The importance of the traditional justice system lies in the simple fact that its decisions and actions take place within a cultural setting that entails a serious search for consensus and acceptable ways of settling differences, on the one hand, and encourages the use of those skills of bargaining and communication required for sustainable conflict prevention and management, on the other hand. This is a clear-cut demonstration of its capacity to gather a rich harvest of views and voices in a way that promotes peace, harmony, respect, dignity, and a mode of governance that does what people want it to do. The study is organized into five main sections. The first section introduces the study. The second section provides a general historical overview of the Bida Emirate. The third section examines the structure and functions of the traditional justice system in Bida Emirate. The fourth section assesses the extent to which it can meet the test of Islam and that of principles of democracy, while the fifth section concludes the discussion and analysis.