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The separation and extraction of pharmaceutical substances hold significant importance in both analytical and medicinal chemistry. The growing emphasis on eco-friendly and sustainable solvents has hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDES) to the forefront as viable replacements for conventional solvents due to their biodegradability, minimal toxicity, and adjustable physicochemical properties. This chapter offers an in-depth review of HDES applications in drug separation and extraction from 2019 to 2024. It starts with foundational concepts of deep eutectic solvents (DES), elaborating on their classification, particularly distinguishing between hydrophilic and hydrophobic types. The synthesis strategies of HDES are outlined, highlighting prevalent hydrogen bond acceptors (HBAs) and hydrogen bond donors (HBDs) that contribute to hydrophobicity. Subsequent sections critically analyze HDES applications in pharmaceutical compound extraction, focusing on improvements that increase efficiency and specificity.

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Current Status and Recent Advances in Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents for Drug Extraction and Separation

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Nur Nadhirah Mohamad Zain,
  • Nor Munira Hashim,
  • Noorfatimah Yahaya,
  • Hikmat,
  • Kartika A. Madurani

摘要

The separation and extraction of pharmaceutical substances hold significant importance in both analytical and medicinal chemistry. The growing emphasis on eco-friendly and sustainable solvents has hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDES) to the forefront as viable replacements for conventional solvents due to their biodegradability, minimal toxicity, and adjustable physicochemical properties. This chapter offers an in-depth review of HDES applications in drug separation and extraction from 2019 to 2024. It starts with foundational concepts of deep eutectic solvents (DES), elaborating on their classification, particularly distinguishing between hydrophilic and hydrophobic types. The synthesis strategies of HDES are outlined, highlighting prevalent hydrogen bond acceptors (HBAs) and hydrogen bond donors (HBDs) that contribute to hydrophobicity. Subsequent sections critically analyze HDES applications in pharmaceutical compound extraction, focusing on improvements that increase efficiency and specificity.