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The chapter presents an analysis of glacier dynamics in the Western Himalayas region, focusing on the mass balance as a key indicator of glacier health. Using the geodetic method, which provides comprehensive coverage of multiple glaciers simultaneously, the study examines glacier mass loss and balance across six major mountain ranges between 2000 and 2012. The results reveal a predominantly negative mass balance in most regions, with the Ladakh (− 0.70 ± 0.06 mwea−1) and Zanskar (− 1.49 ± 0.74 mwea−1) ranges experiencing the highest mass losses at – 1.09 ± 0.08 Gta−1 and – 0.75 ± 0.06 Gta−1 respectively. The Pir-Panjal, Shamswari, and Greater Himalayas also show significant negative mass balances, indicating ongoing glacier retreat. In contrast, the Karakoram range presents an anomaly, exhibiting a positive mass balance of + 0.14 ± 0.01 mwea⁻1 and a mass gain of + 2.19 ± 0.09 Gt per year, suggesting relative stability and slight glacier growth. These findings emphasize the varying responses of glaciers to regional climatic factors, with most regions experiencing accelerated melt while Karakoram defies this trend.

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Assessing the Impact of Climate Change on Glaciers Through Region Wise Mass Balance and AI Tools, Contributing to Understanding of Environmental Changes in Upper Indus Basin and Kashmir Himalayas

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Suhail Ahmad Dar,
  • Md. Omar Sarif,
  • Sumalya Ray

摘要

The chapter presents an analysis of glacier dynamics in the Western Himalayas region, focusing on the mass balance as a key indicator of glacier health. Using the geodetic method, which provides comprehensive coverage of multiple glaciers simultaneously, the study examines glacier mass loss and balance across six major mountain ranges between 2000 and 2012. The results reveal a predominantly negative mass balance in most regions, with the Ladakh (− 0.70 ± 0.06 mwea−1) and Zanskar (− 1.49 ± 0.74 mwea−1) ranges experiencing the highest mass losses at – 1.09 ± 0.08 Gta−1 and – 0.75 ± 0.06 Gta−1 respectively. The Pir-Panjal, Shamswari, and Greater Himalayas also show significant negative mass balances, indicating ongoing glacier retreat. In contrast, the Karakoram range presents an anomaly, exhibiting a positive mass balance of + 0.14 ± 0.01 mwea⁻1 and a mass gain of + 2.19 ± 0.09 Gt per year, suggesting relative stability and slight glacier growth. These findings emphasize the varying responses of glaciers to regional climatic factors, with most regions experiencing accelerated melt while Karakoram defies this trend.