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Microalgae are a promising source of bioactive small molecules with therapeutic applications, offering antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and metabolic benefits. Compounds such as astaxanthin, fucoxanthin, phycocyanin, and omega-3 fatty acids modulate key molecular pathways including NF-κB, Nrf2, and PI3K/Akt. Their sustainable cultivation requiring minimal land, water, and carbon input positions them as eco-friendly alternatives to traditional pharmaceuticals. Emerging technologies in cultivation, genetic engineering, and biorefinery integration have enhanced scalability, yet regulatory and clinical barriers remain. Overall, microalgae represent a unique convergence of pharmacological efficacy and environmental sustainability, supporting their potential as next-generation therapeutic platforms.

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Small Molecules from Microalgae as an Emerging Sustainable Alternative for Disease Management

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Daniela Treviño-Almaguer,
  • Bryan Alejandro Espinosa-Rodríguez,
  • Isaías Balderas-Rentería,
  • Jose Luis González-Llerena

摘要

Microalgae are a promising source of bioactive small molecules with therapeutic applications, offering antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and metabolic benefits. Compounds such as astaxanthin, fucoxanthin, phycocyanin, and omega-3 fatty acids modulate key molecular pathways including NF-κB, Nrf2, and PI3K/Akt. Their sustainable cultivation requiring minimal land, water, and carbon input positions them as eco-friendly alternatives to traditional pharmaceuticals. Emerging technologies in cultivation, genetic engineering, and biorefinery integration have enhanced scalability, yet regulatory and clinical barriers remain. Overall, microalgae represent a unique convergence of pharmacological efficacy and environmental sustainability, supporting their potential as next-generation therapeutic platforms.