The research provides an assessment of the socio-natural development of the territory of Ukraine based on the methodology for calculating socio-natural development indicators (SDI), which takes into account the biotic component, and socio-humanitarian development (SHDI), which takes into account the economic component. For calculations, data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine were used, which related to the gross regional product (GRP), population, life expectancy, income level in administrative oblasts, etc. Data on biota were obtained using remote sensing data, the MOD17 product, and processed using the QGIS program. Analysis of the results obtained showed the economic crisis of 2008–2009 and the decline in the economy since 2014 due to the aggression of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine. It was found that the high level of economic development of the administrative regions of Ukraine leads to a poorer level of biota. According to the SDI index, the regions of Ukraine (Zakarpattia, Ivano-Frankivsk, Lviv, Volyn, Rivne, Chernivtsi, Kyiv, Zhytomyr oblasts) are the leaders in terms of biota level. Outsiders, according to the SDI index, are Donetsk, Kharkiv, Zaporizhia, Mykolaiv, Kirovohrad, Luhansk, and Kherson oblasts, where significant anthropogenic impact leads to a decrease in the level of biota. Such an established dependence between the economic, environmental, and social components should be taken into account when adjusting the economic and environmental policy of the state, in particular in the post-war reconstruction of the country.