Tropospheric ozone (O3) is a pollutant formed through complex chemical reactions involving precursor pollutants emitted from anthropogenic activities. Ozone pollution has been shown to have detrimental effects on various crops and other O3-sensitive plants, and there are substantial research studies available that investigate the O3 damage mechanisms in crops, primarily wheat. Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling molecule involved in multiple physiological processes and enhances the tolerance of crops to various abiotic stresses. The application of NO on crops has shown promise in mitigating the harmful impacts of O3 pollution. However, the application of NO on crops is still an area of active research. The review underscores the detrimental impact of high O3 pollution on crop yields, synthesis and role of NO, and highlights the potential of NO as a protective agent against O3 stress. Additionally, the role of NO in activation of defense mechanisms, regulating stomatal behavior, and promoting overall plant resilience for maintaining crop productivity in O3-polluted environments is emphasized.

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The Role of Nitric Oxides (NO) in Alleviating Effects of High Ozone Conditions on Crop Yield

  • Bhavna Jaiswal,
  • Durgesh Singh Yadav,
  • Madhoolika Agrawal

摘要

Tropospheric ozone (O3) is a pollutant formed through complex chemical reactions involving precursor pollutants emitted from anthropogenic activities. Ozone pollution has been shown to have detrimental effects on various crops and other O3-sensitive plants, and there are substantial research studies available that investigate the O3 damage mechanisms in crops, primarily wheat. Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling molecule involved in multiple physiological processes and enhances the tolerance of crops to various abiotic stresses. The application of NO on crops has shown promise in mitigating the harmful impacts of O3 pollution. However, the application of NO on crops is still an area of active research. The review underscores the detrimental impact of high O3 pollution on crop yields, synthesis and role of NO, and highlights the potential of NO as a protective agent against O3 stress. Additionally, the role of NO in activation of defense mechanisms, regulating stomatal behavior, and promoting overall plant resilience for maintaining crop productivity in O3-polluted environments is emphasized.