This chapter explores the evolution, formulation, and technological advancements in nail beauty products. Beginning with a historical overview, it discusses the finger nail anatomy/structure before examining the chemical composition and formulation of traditional nail polish, including ingredients such as film formers, resins, solvents, plasticizers, and pigments. This chapter provides a detailed analysis of UV-cured nail systems, discussing photopolymerization chemistry, ingredients, safety considerations, and proper curing techniques. Additionally, it covers dip powder systems based on cyanoacrylate chemistry, liquid and powder acrylic systems, and various nail care products like lotions, creams, oils, and strengtheners. Throughout, this chapter emphasizes the importance of proper formulation and important safety considerations, highlighting how innovations in polymer chemistry and pigment technology continue to drive industry advancements while addressing potential health concerns.