Micropollutants are cosmopolitan and enter the environment through various channels. Although the concentration of these contaminants is typically low, they can have a significant impact on humans and other living beings. In soils, micropollutants can disrupt microbial diversity and bioactivity, affecting nutrient cycles and reducing soil fertility. Some micropollutants may be absorbed by plants, leading to inhibited growth, altered development, or even toxicity. These substances can also enter food webs and chains, posing potential health risks to herbivores and humans. Additionally, micropollutants can evaporate from soils and water bodies, becoming airborne. Insecticides and pesticides, for example, can vaporize and be transported over long distances. Airborne micropollutants can originate from industrial processes, such as fuel combustion, waste incineration, and chemical manufacturing, and eventually settle back onto soils and water bodies through wet and dry deposition. Techniques like soil washing, phytoremediation, and bioremediation are used to remove or stabilize contaminated soils. Water treatment methods, including advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), advanced membrane separation, reverse osmosis, and activated carbon filtration, are effective in enhancing the removal of micropollutants from water. Mitigation of their effects on air quality can be achieved by reducing industrial emissions, using cleaner production technologies, and controlling volatilization. Micropollutants can alter ecosystems, leading to biodiversity loss, changes in species composition, and degradation of natural habitats. The long-term ecological impacts can be profound, particularly for sensitive species and ecosystems. The bioaccumulation and biomagnification of micropollutants in the food chain, as well as their presence in drinking water and air, may result in various health issues, including endocrine disruption, cancer, and neurological disorders.