The fundamentals of analogic image formation through optical components such as lenses, objectives, mirrors, and prisms are presented. Using the principles of geometric optics and ray tracing, classical mathematical models are derived to describe the typical transformation of coordinates from a three-dimensional real object space to its two-dimensional image on the camera's image plane. The main concepts and techniques employed in analog image processing systems are discussed, with a focus on their role in measurement applications. Essential criteria for selecting camera objectives and ensuring proper analog image generation useful for measurement purposes are also outlined.