This chapter examines the future of microalgal bioenergy by analysing integrated biorefinery concepts, advanced photobioreactor design, and the roles of genetics and metabolic engineering. This study explores the potential of algal biofilm and photobioreactor design to improve biomass productivity, while also examining the contributions of genomics and metabolic engineering in optimising microalgal strains for bioenergy applications. This chapter examines the challenges and opportunities associated with microalgal bioenergy, detailing prospective trends and directions for sustainable and efficient bioenergy production. This chapter examines the integration of advanced technologies and strategies, highlighting the potential of microalgal bioenergy to enhance sustainability in energy production.