Microalgae are unicellular photosynthetic organisms that utilize solar energy through photosynthesis turn into chemical energy (Gupta and Bux in Springer Nature Switzerland AG, Domestic and industrial wastewater treatment, 2019 [13]). They are emerging technologies for producing high-value metabolites like vitamins, carbohydrates, essential fatty acids, lipids, proteins, and minerals for diet and nutraceutical industries. They have higher photosynthesis efficiency, higher growth rate, and can be grown in barren lands with minimum contamination risks. Microalgae can also be used for wastewater treatment, phytoremediation and CO2 sequestration, with numerous environmental uses (Udayan et al. in Bioresource technology 344, 2022 [23]). Efficient microalgal culture methods proficient of producing fairly higher microalgal biomass with high photosynthetic efficiency are attracting increased study consideration, necessitating further technical progress. Microalgal cultivation with industrial waste water has been demonstrated to be an efficient cost reduction approach. The most of research on mixotrophic and heterotrophic culture has been conducted in laboratories. Microalgal culture and harvesting with high throughput have led to an dynamic field of study in recent. However, in spite of significant breakthroughs in research, further studies are required to enhance higher biomass output for industrial purposes. It is also vital to optimize the microalgal harvesting process, as it now showing around 30% of overall production costs. Currently, there is more research on enhancing lipids and other high-value metabolite synthesis from microalgae instead of biomass collection and water removal (Udayan et al. in Bioresource technology 344, 2022 [23]). An effective and optimum harvesting method must be adaptable to varied microalgae and achieve high biomass retrieval with the low energy and running costs. Different harvesting strategies have been utilized, including biological, chemical, physical and electrical harvesting, and in certain situations, two or more approaches are collectively used to maximize biomass retrieval from the growth media. Several research on biomass collection have lately become accessible. However, fundamental comprehension and information about harvesting procedures remain unclear. However, the purpose of this research was to examine the several harvesting methods as well as its advantages and disadvantages from an industrial viewpoint.