Targeted attacks against human rights and environmental defenders are not unconventional. They have become more pronounced in this digital age. Globally and in Africa, these defenders face serious challenges, including cyber security and data privacy risks and attacks. These cyberattacks enable the attacker to gain unauthorised access to the defender’s systems and collect relevant information for malicious purposes, including tracking, arresting, intimidating, or even prosecuting defenders. This chapter examines these problems to propose measures for building defenders’ cybersecurity resilience and posture. The chapter focuses on legal protections against cyber-attacks and how defenders should protect themselves against malware infections like spyware and social engineering. The chapter underscores the importance of developing proactive cybersecurity measures like cybersecurity awareness and training for African defenders. The chapter recommends that defenders identify and classify their assets, control access, use antimalware, and continuously monitor their systems for attacks. Furthermore, the chapter suggests that funders should include cybersecurity as a mandatory part of their funding packages.