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This chapter presents the discussions and outcomes of the 16th Conference of the Parties (COP) of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), held in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia in December 2024. COP16 marked the 30th anniversary of the Convention and was the largest UNCCD COP to date. For the first time, an ‘Action Agenda’ with high-level events, initiatives, and pledges to promote implementation was established. The COP adopted 39 decisions, including measures to strengthen the role of science by enhancing the mandate of the Science–Policy Interface (SPI) and the recognition of two new caucuses for Indigenous Peoples and local communities, further expanding participation in UNCCD processes. The much-anticipated negotiations on a policy instrument for proactive drought management ultimately failed to reach a consensus on its legal nature, exposing persistent divides among Parties. The COP adopted new decisions on agricultural lands as well as on rangelands and pastoralists, placing a stronger emphasis on these systems, which are both major drivers of land degradation and, at the same time, increasingly threatened by the combined pressures of land degradation, biodiversity loss, and climate change.

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UNCCD COP16: Key Discussions and Outcomes on Science, Participation, and Drought, As Well As the Growing Emphasis on Agriculture and Rangelands

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Jonathan Schieren,
  • Laura Madrid,
  • Ben Akintola

摘要

This chapter presents the discussions and outcomes of the 16th Conference of the Parties (COP) of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), held in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia in December 2024. COP16 marked the 30th anniversary of the Convention and was the largest UNCCD COP to date. For the first time, an ‘Action Agenda’ with high-level events, initiatives, and pledges to promote implementation was established. The COP adopted 39 decisions, including measures to strengthen the role of science by enhancing the mandate of the Science–Policy Interface (SPI) and the recognition of two new caucuses for Indigenous Peoples and local communities, further expanding participation in UNCCD processes. The much-anticipated negotiations on a policy instrument for proactive drought management ultimately failed to reach a consensus on its legal nature, exposing persistent divides among Parties. The COP adopted new decisions on agricultural lands as well as on rangelands and pastoralists, placing a stronger emphasis on these systems, which are both major drivers of land degradation and, at the same time, increasingly threatened by the combined pressures of land degradation, biodiversity loss, and climate change.