Most Asian countries report increasing trend of mental health problems among the younger populations. Advancements in mental health treatment is scarce and stigmatization often contributes to delayed clinical attention. Recent evidence suggests intricate linkage between gut health and mental illness. The gut microbiota plays an integral role from digestion and metabolism to modulation of the immune system. Diverse array of genes in gut microbiome gives a versatile gene function that impacts health. Recent evidence demonstrates unequivocal influence of gut microbiota on mental health. Restoration of compositional and functional derangement of gut microbiota can be a potential treatment target. However, microbiota targeted approach is still far-fetched in Asian setting. In this review, we identify recent publication from major scientific databases and search engines, highlight gut microbiota and mental health linkage and focus on gut microbiota-targeted precision treatment using probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics and other potential modes. We also discuss the ethical considerations, guidelines and policy implications involved in the practice of treatment. This review intends to inform the clinicians on alternative and proactive intervention which can ultimately contribute to the reduction of national mental healthcare burden.