The Twentieth-Century Continental Vision: The Cultural Turn and the Vanishing of Individual Minds
摘要
The twentieth century was one of intellectual, moral, and social-political anxiety, conflicts, changes, and revolutions that demanded philosophy to think over what had been thought in philosophy in the nineteenth century. It was a time that called for and produced its philosophical heroes and shining stars such as Edmund Husserl (1859–1938), Ferdinand de Saussure (1829–1905), Bertrand Russell (1872–1970), Alfred North Whitehead (1861–1947), Henri Bergson (1859–1941), Martin Heidegger (1889–1976), Jean-Paul Sartre (1905–1980), Simone Lucie Ernestine Marie Bertrand de Beauvoir (1908–1986), Hannah Arendt (1906–1975), Maurice Merleau-Ponty (1908–1961), Claude Lévi-Strauss (1908–2009), Jacques Lacan (1901–1981), Max Horkheimer (1895–1973), Theodor Adorno (1903–1969), Hans-Georg Gadamer (1900–2002), Paul Ricoeur (1913–2005), Jean-François Lyotard (1924–1998), Michel Foucault (1926–1984), Jacques Derrida (1930–2004), Hilary Putnam (1926–2016), Richard Rorty (1931–2007), John Rawls (1921–2002), and Jürgen Habermas (1929–).