People have wildcrafted seaweed for food, medicine, fodder, and other purposes for centuries. Pyropia spp. were the first macroalgae to be domesticated in the 1600s in Japan, but since then, many other species have also been cultured. By 1971, macroalgae were the first group of aquatic organisms to achieve the distinction of having more production from aquaculture than from fisheries. The growth and scale of seaweed aquaculture has coined the term phyconomy as an apt description of applying agronomic principles to seaweed mariculture. However, most phyconomic output still comes from Asian nations, while in Europe and North America, seaweed fisheries still account for most production. This means that phyconomic development in these regions takes place alongside established seaweed fisheries. In this chapter, the US state of Maine is discussed as an example of the tensions and commonalities that can arise under such circumstances. Aligned interests between the two sectors show how there is more to be gained from working together as an integrated phyconomy rather than in opposition. Collaboration can be facilitated by organizations such as the Maine Seaweed Council, originally established in 1993 to serve the wildcrafting sector but which now also works to serve growers.