This chapter examines the current state and importance of assessment and evaluation in religious literacy education, particularly outside of formal Religion Education (RE) contexts. The chapter asserts that increasing attention to assessment and evaluation is crucial for the field's development, despite the challenges of defining and measuring religious literacy. Limited attention to evaluating religious literacy education initiatives, such as professional development programs and curriculum integration initiatives, has hindered efforts to demonstrate both the necessity of religious literacy education and its valuable impacts and benefits. The chapter reviews existing empirical research on measuring religious literacy in the education sector. The discussion encompasses various assessment approaches, from program evaluations to longitudinal studies, and explores both the challenges and opportunities in evaluating religious literacy education.