The province of Quebec, born out of a historical, cultural and political fusion of Christianism, French, Anglo-Saxon and Indigenous contexts (along with contributions from other minorities), serves as a privileged observatory for multiple identity tensions. Foremost among these are those related to religion and secularism over the past two decades, reaching a climax with the adoption of the Loi sur laïcité de l’État (Bill 21) in 2019. In addition to this controversial law, there is the decision to replace the Ethics and Religious Culture program, which aimed to promote an understanding of religious phenomena since 2008, with a program on Quebec Culture and Citizenship (effective from 2025). In this new program, the religious subject becomes marginal. The analysis of this political and educational transformation will trace the incremental establishment in public policies of a “New Secularism” that reinforces the boundaries of acceptable religious expression in public spaces and democratic conversation, a global tendency in many occidental countries.