Since the colonial period under Spain and America, religion in the Philippines continued to occupy a significant place in the socio-political and cultural life of the Filipinos. A great deal of attention is also given to religion in the public education system of the country since then. Through the years religion’s valued place in society in and outside the education system has taken on new heights while its presence is re-articulated each time and to some extent, contested in recent times. Despite its valued place within society, religion in the Philippines has taken some significant turns within the Philippine public education system in recent years. This paper reviews government attitudes and policies through government issued directives and policies by the Department of Education and other relevant agencies on the practice of religion and inclusion of religious instruction in public schools in the basic education and higher education systems. This review covers an analysis of policies in the last 40 years to understand problems and issues arising thereof through these public pronouncements. Analysis is presented in view of the future of Philippine religious education considering the changing landscape of religion and shifting student religious attitudes.