Spiritual Paths of Christian Existentialism in Berdyaev’s Philosophy
摘要
It has been asserted that Nikolai Berdyaev possesses only a philosophical inclination but is not truly a philosopher. However, his fragmentary, often essayistic style, rejection of academic philosophy, and opposition to rationalism and modernity did not exclude him from the ranks of thinkers. On the other hand, given his aversion to a professorial style, the Russian philosopher did not aspire to pose as a “prophet” or great “spiritual master.” Despite this, the following text attempts to present Berdyaev in light of a particular type of spiritual guide, with a religious existentialist orientation, distinct from what is known as the philosophy of life, as well as from pragmatic philosophy. In this regard, the main Berdyaevian works we consider necessary and relevant to the present endeavor are: the essay ‘The New Middle Ages, various chapters and studies from The Meaning of Creation, The Fate of Man in the Modern World, and The Destiny of Man, as well as the book of philosophical autobiography Self-Knowledge’. Together, these works can be considered the foundations of a religious philosophy intended to inspire the reader toward a creative way of life in the spirit of Christianity, free and responsible.