This chapter discusses ethical complications that are related to congenital heart surgery and offers measures to resolve them. Examples of bioethical controversies such as informed consent, clinical futility, truth telling, conflict of interest, fetal cardiac interventions, the use of bioethical consultation, public reporting, and regionalization of congenital heart surgery care are given. The teachings of ancient philosophers (Aristotle, Plato, Hippocrates) as well as more modern theorists (Kant, Locke) are examined to show how they still cast a profound influence on modern bioethical education.