Up to now we have narrated the history of the Earth's atmosphere and the oceans. It is a story that spans billions of years and it is time to speculate of what could happen in the future. It is already a very hard exercise to predict the near future, (let us say the next 1000 years) so that it looks as an academic endeavor to predict what could happen in the next few billion years. It is obvious that short-term changes are mainly the consequences of human activities while the long-term effect may depend on the expected evolution of our star (the Sun) or from some unexpected events like a repetition of the dinosaur impact. Even the human activities could bring the Earth system to much feared tipping point with a sudden and irreversible change in the environment or even materialize the great filter hypothesis, that is, the self-destruction of civilization.