This paper presents a modular mechatronic learning environment based on Arduino Uno and simulated in Tinkercad, developed within the Master's level Mechatronics laboratory. The study highlights three C++ applications that solve fundamental mathematical-logical problems: (1) a quadratic equation solver, (2) a multi-operand arithmetic calculator, and (3) a statistical mean calculator (arithmetic and geometric). These digital programs run on an embedded system with LCD and keypad input. The versatility of the Basic Mechatronic Assembly (BMA) encourages interdisciplinary thinking, promotes algorithmic reasoning, and introduces expandable programming models that can be adapted to various STEM educational contexts. The system supports further enhancements with touchscreen HMI displays or sensor-based data acquisition modules. This educational best-practice model underlines the role of simulation and programming in developing student creativity, engagement, and technical competence in modern engineering education.