Innovative digital solutions for resource management, traceability, and transparent value chains are necessary in the pursuit of a sustainable circular economy. To provide decentralized traceability, automation, and circular value generation while promoting sustainable resource management, this chapter describes the development of smart contracts and blockchain frameworks. We offer a comprehensive framework for integrating blockchain's immutable ledger and smart contracts to promote accountability, trust, and incentive-driven involvement in supply and recycling chains. A thorough literature review, the development of a blockchain-based architecture, and the deployment of an Ethereum and Hyperledger Fabric-based prototype were the various stages of the methodology. The prototype's smart contracts manage the product life cycle in real-time, automate recycling incentives, and verify compliance. Real-time data on garbage collection and resource use were collected, from all to any level of detail, and securely stored on the blockchain with IoT connectivity. In analyzing the cases, industries for plastic waste management, renewable energy trading, and e-waste tracking were considered. Both platforms promised 100% traceability accuracy, but the experimental results proved that Hyperledger Fabric has higher throughput (300 + TPS) and lesser latency (~ 0.4 s) compared to Ethereum (15 TPS, ~ 1.2 s). Automating smart contracts has greatly reduced the time taken to distribute incentives and to check for compliance. The results undoubtedly demonstrate that blockchains and smart contracts could more than fully support resource sustainability when tracking, transparency, and circular economic incentives are embedded in digital systems. In addition to outlining future research directions in interoperability, AI integration, and policy placement for wider implementation, this chapter lays the groundwork for scalable, decentralized applications in sustainability.