Poststructuralism revolves around the idea of strictly relational understanding of the social: one cannot make sense of the concepts like constitutive antagonism, dislocation, nodal point (“empty signifier”), logics of equivalence and difference, void, contingency of the social, and so on without taking a radically relationalist stance regarding social reality. The chapter brings out the background for relational thinking that emerged in post-structuralist political theory of the 1970s–2020s that challenged both the “postmodernist” postulation of the “impossibility of society,” as well as the classical Hobbesian understanding of the “problem of order” as the foundational problem of social/political theory. Both extremes of “Hobbesianism” that informs social/political theory since the seventeenth century, as well as “postmodernism,” end up in substantialism. Making sense of this point presumes adopting a radically relational thinking found in Foucault, Laclau and Mouffe, Glynos and Howarth, and other post-structuralist authors whose work can be seen as precursors to and as developments parallel to relational sociology.