The problem of suffering has been of central importance throughout human history. While many theological and philosophical traditions have recognized the role of systemic factors like inequity and oppression in suffering, mainstream psychology has largely ignored such factors. Instead, theories and treatments have reflected a cultural over-emphasis on the individual, obscuring and enabling ideological bases for many forms of affliction and leading to short-term or ineffective solutions that leave underlying conditions unchallenged and unchanged. This chapter calls for radical therapy that commits to promoting both individual and societal well-being. This requires a serious examination of the effects of colonialism, neoliberalism, and consumerism. The chapter concludes with a discussion of transformative psychologies radical therapists might employ to promote individual, societal, and environmental well-being. These includes approaches drawing on depth psychology; decolonial and critical traditions; mindfulness, compassion, and spiritual practices; somatic work; and social service/activism.