In this paper, a modular chain telescopic outrigger is designed, and its structural performance is analysed through motion simulation and experimental verification. Initially, the structural configuration and operational principles of the telescopic outrigger are introduced. Subsequently, a motion simulation is conducted to evaluate its kinematic behaviour and verify the structural rationality. To further assess its performance, an experimental study is carried out by applying loads to measure deformation, stress distribution, and strain response. The experimental results demonstrate that the telescopic outrigger possesses a rational structure, operates smoothly, and maintains stability under loading conditions. The experimental and simulation data confirm that the performance indicators meet the design requirements, demonstrating its good load-bearing capacity and structural reliability. This research provides theoretical support and data references for the optimization and engineering application of modular telescopic outrigger systems. The findings can guide further improvements in structural design, enhance the adaptability of such mechanisms, and contribute to their practical implementation in engineering applications.